SMART RAIL SENSE: AN IOT SOLUTION FOR ENHANCED TRAIN ACCIDENT DETECTION AND SAFETY

Abstract

In this project, we present an advanced interfacing solution for Raspberry Pi that integrates two RFID modules to enhance railway safety and prevent train collisions. The RFID modules are strategically placed on either side of the railway track to detect the presence of trains. When both RFID modules simultaneously read signals, indicating the presence of two trains on the same track, the system activates a relay to trigger the transmission of latitude and longitude coordinates from a GPS module to a web server for further processing. This web-based communication enables real-time monitoring and the implementation of safety measures to prevent potential collisions. Additionally, the system incorporates an ultrasonic sensor and a PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor for detecting human presence and obstacles on the railway track. The ultrasonic sensor measures distances to detect obstructions, while the PIR sensor identifies human movement. If either sensor detects a potential hazard, the system reports this information to the central processing unit on the Raspberry Pi. The design also includes a fire sensor to detect fire hazards on the track and an LCD for visual feedback on system status. The relay module plays a crucial role by connecting the RX pin of the Raspberry Pi to the common terminal of the relay, the TX pin of the GPS module to the normally closed terminal, and the TX pin of the EM18 RFID modules to the normally open terminal. When the two RFID modules detect trains on the same track, the relay activates to ensure that the location data from the GPS module is sent to the web server. Overall, this interfacing system leverages RFID technology, advanced sensors, and real-time data transmission to significantly enhance railway safety measures. By integrating these components, the system provides comprehensive monitoring and detection capabilities to avert accidents and ensure safe railway operations.