AN ANALYSIS OF THE RISE IN DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented global lockdowns, with individuals confined to their homes under curfews. While public health helplines were inundated with COVID-related calls, there was also a stark and troubling surge in reports of domestic violence, predominantly against women. Lockdowns not only shifted family dynamics but also trapped women within abusive environments, exacerbating their vulnerability. Compounding this issue was the underreporting of domestic violence cases, as many women remained hesitant to come forward due to concerns over privacy and family honor.

This study examines the multifaceted interplay of factors contributing to the rise in domestic violence against women during the pandemic. Utilizing Heise’s ecological framework, the research categorizes these factors into structural and environmental, community and societal, relational, and individual domains. The findings indicate that heightened household stress, economic hardship, and restricted access to helplines and support services during lockdowns were significant drivers of this increase.

Through a synthesis of existing literature, media reports, and an original survey, this study underscores the urgent need to address systemic gaps in the response to domestic violence, especially during crises. The research highlights the pressing need to build awareness and strengthen resources for women experiencing abuse, particularly when mobility and access to support systems are restricted. Addressing these gaps can create transformative, life-saving interventions for women and girls worldwide who endure domestic violence in silence.