EFFECTS OF CORRECTION PROGRAM ON BACK MUSCLE FUNCTIONAL ASYMMETRY AMONG SQUASH PLAYERS
Keywords:
Muscle Asymmetry, Electromyography, Moiré Topography, Unilateral PlayAbstract
Back muscle functional asymmetry is most common among squash players by their regular unilateral movement while playing. This study analyzed the effect of the body alignment correction program on asymmetry (left-right) developed squash players. Twenty eight asymmetry developed squash players were considered. All of them were male, right-handed and more than four years of experience in playing squash. Electromyography of back muscles (erector spinae and trapezius) and moiré topography of back were statistically compared before and after the twelve week alignment correction program that include various training. Results showed that the scapular inclination was decreased (p < 0.05) and resulting scapular in anatomically straight. To alignment, a decrease was observed in right side inclination and increase in left side inclination, which result in decreased (p < 0.05) left-right asymmetry rate and increased left-right balance. Significant (p < 0.01) decrease in right-side erector spinae muscle activity was observed and identified that erector spinae muscle contributed more on left-right asymmetry than the trapezius muscle. It was witnessed that training program decreased the muscle activity of the stronger side rather than increasing the weaker side. To conclude, the body alignment correction program was effective in reducing stronger side muscle activity and assisting to maintain left-right symmetry.
References
Kim CH, Oh CH, Lee PW. The effect of the sling exercise on the change of muscular body type in bowling player. Korea J Sports Sci. 2011, 20, pp. 751-62.
Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee IM, Nieman DC, Swain DP. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2011, 43(7), pp.1334-59.
Seo JY, Lee KY, Shin HS. The effects of Unilateral Muscular Training for the Record Improvement in swimming. The Korean J of Physical Education – Humanities and Social Sciences. 2005, 14 (2), pp. 729-735.
Meissner L. Spinal column and Torso. In: Kuprian W Ed., Physical Therapy for sports. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, pp. 262-286.
Kim JP. The effect of balance exercise on postural control and shooting record in archers. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2008, 18(2), pp.65-74.
Lee JC. Types of Back Damage and Prevention and Rehabilitation through Sports Activities. Sports Science, 101, pp. 86-99.
O’sullivan PB, Burnett A, Floyd AN, Gadsdon K, Logiudice J, Miller D, Quirke H. Lumbar repositioning deficit in a specific low back pain population. Spine. 2003, 28(10), pp.1074-1079.
Danneels LA, Vanderstraeten GG, Cambier DC, Witvrouw EE, De Cuyper HJ, Danneels L. CT imaging of trunk muscles in chronic low back pain patients and healthy control subjects. European Spine Journal. 2000, 9(4), pp. 266-72.
Yoo JC, Suh SW, Jung BJ, Hur CY, Chae IJ, Kang CS, Wang JH, Moon WN, Cheon EM. Asymmetric exercise and scoliosis: A study of volleyball athletes. Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association. 2001, 36(5), pp. 455-60.
Yoo S. Evaluation for Symmetry Ability of One Leg Standing Pose before and after Yoga Training. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics. 2014, 24(4), pp. 391-397.
Ford DM, Bagnall KM, McFadden KD, Greenhill BJ, Raso VJ. Paraspinal muscle imbalance in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 1984, 9(4), pp. 373-376.
Nault ML, Allard P, Hinse S, Le Blanc R, Caron O, Labelle H, Sadeghi H. Relations between standing stability and body posture parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 2002, 27(17), pp.1911-1917.
Omey ML, Micheli LJ, Gerbino PG. Idiopathic scoliosis and spondylolysis in the female athlete: tips for treatment. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®. 2000, 372, pp.74-84.
Hellström M, Jacobsson B, Swärd L, Peterson L. Radiologic abnormalities of the thoracolumbar spine in athletes. Acta Radiologica. 1990, 31(2), pp. 127-32.
Kim HW. The effect of a yoga correction exercise program for scoliosis. Journal of Korea Coaching Development. 2007:389-94.
Seung-Wook C. Effect of a 12 weeks of posture exercise program on body composition, physical fitness and cobb's angle of spinal of middle school students. The Korea Journal of Sports Science. 2008, 17(3), pp. 1045-52.
Kim MS, Yang JH. The effects of scoliosis correction and Swiss ball exercises on scoliosis in high school male students. Korean Journal of Physical Education. 2003, 42, pp. 579-86.
Jeon TN, Yang JH, Kim MS, Park WI, Kim GT. The effect of Barre exercise on flexibility, balance, and improvement of scoliosis in high school girls with scoliosis. The Korean Journal of Physical Education-Humanities and Social Sciences, 2005, 44(1), pp. 683-691.
Lee HK. Needs of Coaching on Fitting Exercise Contents for Idiopathic Scoliosis. Journal of Korea Coaching Development, 2011, 13(3), pp. 89-95.
Mitchell RI, Carmen GM. Results of a multicenter trial using an intensive active exercise program for the treatment of acute soft tissue and back injuries. Spine. 1990, 15(6), pp. 514-521.
Lim DC, Oh JK, Jeon KK. Effects of Chuna Therapy and Spinal Stabilization Exercise on Muscle Areas of Lumbar Spine and Body Stability with Chronic Low Back Pain Patients. The Korea Journal of Sports Science, 2012, 21(4), pp. 1215-1225.
Kim JS. A Study on the Education of the Scoliosis in Adolescents, Master Thesis, 2000.
Moon JH. Strategies to improve students position for spine health. Journal of Korean Society of School Health, 1998, 11(1), pp. 7-11.
Han MK, Shin BC. Evaluation of Functionality of Utilization of Early Group Screening for Adolescent Scoliosis. Korean Chuna's Journal, 2003, 4(1), pp. 1-16.
Bae SS, Kim SS, Kim SM, Kim MH, Kim SH. Treatment Approach of Instable Scapular by Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation. Korea Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilition Association, 2006, 4(1), 1-7.
Beeton K. Manual therapy master classes: the peripheral joints. Philadelphia, USA: Churchill Livingstone. 2003.
Day ML, McGuigan MR, Brice G, Foster C. Monitoring exercise intensity during resistance training using the session RPE scale. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2004, 18(2), pp.353-358.
Kim SK. A Developmental Study of an Alignment Program for the Asymmetrically Developed Squash Players. Korean Society of Sport Biomechanics, 2015, 25(4), pp. 423- 429.
Lee BK, Choi YH, Kim CK. The Effects of Asymmetric Exercise of Athletes on the structure of the Spine, Korean Society of Sport and Leisure Studies, 2010, 1(2), pp.753- 761.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Seoung Eun Kim, Seung Nam Min, Murali Subramaniyam, Seung Kwon Kim (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
