INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR ENHANCING NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY AND SOIL FERTILITY: IMPACT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TRADITIONAL RICE VARIETIES IN WAYANAD, KERALA
Keywords:
Integrated Nutrient Management, Traditional Rice Varieties, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Soil Microbial PopulationAbstract
Integrated nutrient management (INM) plays a crucial role in enhancing the growth, yield, and quality of traditional rice varieties. This study assessed the impact of INM on four traditional rice varieties (V1: Kothampalarikkayama, V2: RakthaShali, V3: Njavara, V4: Chennellu) in Wayanad, Kerala, using a split plot design with three replications and seven nutrient management treatments (N1 to N7). Results demonstrated significant variations in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), partial factor productivity (PFP), agronomical use efficiency of nitrogen (AEN), and physiological use efficiency (PE) among different INM treatments. Notably, variety V1 under treatment N5 (50% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) + 50% N through green manuring + biofertilizers) achieved the highest NUE and AEN, underscoring the effectiveness of integrating organic and inorganic nutrient sources. Moreover, soil microbial populations (bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) were markedly higher under N5 across varieties, with V1 recording a bacterial count of 60 x 10^6 CFU/g soil. Enhanced soil enzyme activity, particularly urease, was also observed, with the highest activity detected in V1 under N5. For farmers, Kothampalarikkayama (V1) with the N4 nutrient management practice is recommended, as it demonstrated the best yield, nutrient efficiency, and soil microbial activity during both Kharif 2022 and 2023. This combination is likely to enhance crop productivity and maintain soil health sustainably.
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